当您雇用员工时，兴奋很高。但有时候，你可以让某人能够以你认为的方式不正当地解决。因此，您努力决定让员工从您的业务中关或改变就业关系（例如，将员工移至另一个部门）。发生这种情况时，你需要考虑什么？它甚至是合法吗？这就是就业的地方。
What is at-will employment?
At-will employment applies to both employees and employers. The employment at-will definition says the employee or employer may terminate the employment relationship at any time for any reason.
Employerscannotterminate an employee for illegal reasons (e.g., discrimination). But, if the reason is legal, the employer can terminate the employee and face no legal consequences. Likewise, at-will employees can leave employment at any time for any reason (or no reason!) without legal consequences.
What is just cause?
雇主有关的雇主不必为终止提供“只是原因”。雇主和员工在终止雇用时，雇主也没有提供任何通知。
员工是不是subject to an employment at-will doctrine as defined by the state (e.g., employees with well-defined contracts) may only be terminated by an employer for “just cause.”
但是，只是因为原因是什么？如果您终止落在仅仅造成协议下的雇员，则终止必须是公平合理的。只要原因，你必须为员工提供终止的理由。
通常，您需要进行调查，并提供明确证明，即员工的行为合理导致其终止。在终止其就业之前，您还可能需要向员工提供警告或通知。
还有什么可以的就业覆盖？
谈到AT-Will就业时，很多人都会想到终止或退出工作。但是，就业就业，而不是仅仅雇员留下职位。
Legally, employers can do the following under an at-will doctrine:
- 改变工资（例如，支付减少）
- Terminate employment benefits (e.g., health insurance)
- 减少有偿时间（PTO）
Keep in mind that any changes to an employee’s wages, benefits, or time off policies must still follow your state’s laws. You cannot pay less than the legal最低工资或者提供更少的paid family leave要么病假休假than what is required by law.
States with at-will employment
Forty-nine states and Washington D.C. are at-will employment states. The only state that does not have employment at will is Montana. But, Montana employers can still exercise at-will policies during a probationary period.
雇用就业的例外情况是什么？
一般来说，有三个常见的就业会：
- 公共政策
- Implied contract
- Implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing
公共政策exceptions
Most state laws or statutes recognize public policy exceptions to at-will employment. However, these exceptions may be more broad in some states than in others.
根据公共政策异常，您可能无法终止员工：
- Reports illegal activities (e.g., not following童工法律)
- 拒绝执行非法活动（例如，拒绝承诺伪证）
- Exercises any statutory rights (e.g., filingworkers’ compensationclaims)
- Is involved in acts of public interest (e.g., participating in jury duty)
Typically, these public policy exceptions may be considered retaliatory and do not fall under an at-will employment doctrine.
States thatdo nothave public policy exceptions are:
- 阿拉巴马州
- Florida
- Georgia
- Louisiana
- 缅因州
- 内布拉斯加州
- 纽约
- 罗德岛
另外42个州和华盛顿的D.C.将公共政策例外与AT-Will雇佣协议有关。有关公共政策异常的更多信息，请咨询您的州。
Implied contract
在许多州，员工可以使用隐含的合同来对抗就业的终止。隐含合同是书面或说出的陈述，使员工预期固定或无限期就业。
Have you ever said something like, “Don’t worry, we do not dismiss employees without giving them the opportunity to correct their behavior.”? Or, have you told an employee, “We need great workers like you!”? If so, you may have an implied contract.
What about your handbook or company policies? Did you send an email reassuring an employee that they were doing a great job? Written communications or policies may provide evidence of an implied contract. Consider adding an employee acknowledgment of at-will employment in youremployee handbook. Add a form that requires a signature proving the employee received a copy.
Not all states accept implied contracts to fight wrongful termination. The following states do not accept implied contracts:
- Arizona
- Delaware
- Florida
- Georgia
- Indiana
- Louisiana
- Massachusetts
- Missouri
- Montana*
- 北卡罗莱纳
- 宾夕法尼亚州
- 罗德岛
- 德克萨斯州
- Virginia
*Montana does not have an at-will employment doctrine. Therefore, it does not allow for implied contracts.
Implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing
Only some states have an exception of implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. Under this exception, bad faith or malicious termination are prohibited. This exception is also known as the implied in-law exception.
什么是恶意终止？嗯，没有一个设置定义。但通常情况下，终止终止是员工，以避免支付工资或福利。例如，射击退休年龄员人以避免支付福利是一种恶意终止。
Again, not all states recognize the covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The states that have implied covenant of good faith exceptions include:
- 阿拉巴马州
- 阿拉斯加州
- Arizona
- California
- Delaware
- Idaho
- Massachusetts
- Montana
- Nevada
- Utah
- Wyoming
谁不受职业就业原则？
并非所有员工都被认为是at-will，即使您的业务处于AT-Will状态。未被视为员工的员工是那些所涵盖的员工：
- Collective bargaining agreements
- Defined company policies detailing when and how the company can terminate employees
- 个人employment contracts
工会或就业协会通常有合同合理终止条款的合同。通常，协议有一个关于刚刚导致终止和上诉过程的条款。
Your company policies might also outline the process of employee termination, including whether or not you issue warnings.
一些行业和组织雇用员工并提供个人就业合同。合同提供具体的就业条款和出院条件。
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