作为企业主,不可避免地会产生债务。实际上,普通的小企业主拥有$ 195,000的债务。
很有可能,您的业务有某种债务。如果您有债务,则有责任。继续阅读以了解会计中不同类型的负债。
什么是负债?
负债是您的业务当前欠其他业务,组织,雇员,供应商或政府机构的债务。通常,您会通过常规业务运营承担责任。
您的负债不断上下上下。如果您有更多的债务,您的负债将更高。还清债务有助于降低企业的负债。
通过负债,您通常会收到发票从供应商或组织中,并在以后还清债务。您欠的钱被认为是责任,直到您还清发票为止。
贷款也被认为是负债。您可以拿出贷款以帮助扩大小型企业。贷款被认为是责任,直到您还清向银行或个人借款的钱为止。
会计负债类型
负债可以分为两个主要类别:当前和非流动。
Current liabilities are short-term debts that you pay within a year. Types of current liabilities include employee wages, utilities, supplies, and invoices.
非流动负债或长期负债是在一年内未应付的债务。分别列出您的长期负债资产负债表。应计费,长期贷款,抵押贷款和递延税款只是非流动负债的一些例子。
会计的不同类型的负债
现在,您已经对负债进行了征服以及如何分类,现在该了解会计中不同类型的负债了。
负债的类型因业务而异。一家较大的公司可能会产生更多的债务,而较小的企业的负债较少。
Some types of liabilities you might have include:
- Accounts payable
- Income taxes payable
- 应付利息
- Accrued expenses
- Unearned revenue
- 支付抵押贷款
Accounts payable
即使您不是会计师,您也可能听说过应付账款before. Accounts payable, also called payables or AP, is all the money you owe to vendors for things like goods, materials, or supplies.
许多公司以信贷方式从供应商或供应商那里购买库存。一旦供应商提供库存,您通常有一定时间支付发票(例如30天)。支付供应商的义务称为应付账款。
因为您通常需要快速向供应商付款,所以应付账款是当前责任。
Income taxes payable
Your business is most likely subject to income tax. Income taxes payable is your business’s income tax obligation that you owe to the government. Income taxes payable are considered current liabilities.
如果您有员工,则可能还需要缴纳应付税款和应付税款的税款。像应付所得税一样,应付扣税和应付税款都是当前负债。
应付利息
When you owe money to lenders or vendors and don’t pay them right away, they will likely charge you interest.
应付利息makes up the amount of interest you owe to your lenders or vendors. Interest payable can include interest from bills as well as accrued interest from loans or leases.
Accrued expenses
由于会计期限并不总是与费用期一致,因此许多企业会产生费用,但要等到下一个阶段才真正支付费用。Accrued expenses是您发生但尚未支付的费用。
以下是一些应计费帐户:
- 应付薪水
- Rent payable
- Utilities payable
Unearned revenue
Unlike most other liabilities, unearned revenue or递延收入不涉及直接借款。当客户提前支付商品或服务费用时,您的业务收入是无价的。然后,一旦您将产品或服务交付给客户,交易就完成了。
支付抵押贷款
应付抵押是财产所有人支付贷款的责任。本质上,应付抵押是用于购买财产的长期融资。应付抵押贷款被认为是长期或非流动责任。
如果企业主拥有企业财产贷款,则通常有应付抵押贷款帐户。
负债和您的资产负债表
Your business balance sheet gives you a snapshot of your company’s finances and shows your assets, liabilities, and equity.
Liabilities play a huge role in your balance sheet. Continually record liabilities as you incur or pay off debts. If you don’t update your books, your report will give you an inaccurate representation of your finances.
Track your debts on the right-hand side of your balance sheet. List short-term (current) liabilities first on your balance sheet. Record noncurrent or long-term liabilities after your short-term liabilities.
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