You know that little line at the bottom of your receipts and invoices that says Sales Tax? As a business owner, it’s not your responsibility to pay it out of pocket. But it is your responsibility to collect and remit sales tax. If you don’t know how to pay sales tax for small business to the state, you could wind up with penalties and interest.
And who wants that?
Nobody. So, read on to learn the ins and outs of collecting and remitting sales tax to the proper state tax agency.
How to pay sales tax for small business
Sales tax is a pass-through tax that most businesses must charge and collect from customers at the point of sale. The majority of states levy sales tax on products and services. Counties can also require businesses to collect sales tax.
Collecting and remitting sales tax requires you to do a little footwork first. To stay compliant with sales tax laws, you must:
- Figure out your sales tax collection responsibilities
- 申请与适当州的营业税许可
- Determine the sales tax rate(s) to use
- Collect the tax from customers at the point of sale
- Record collected sales tax in youraccounting books
- Report and remit sales tax to the appropriate states (aka time to pay)
Whether you make sales out of your brick-and-mortar, sell online, or both, chances are you need to know about sales tax collections and remittance.
Luckily, that’s just what this article will guide you through.
1. Figure out your sales tax collection responsibilities
Your first step in collecting and remitting sales tax is figuring out your responsibilities. Ask yourself questions like:
A. Does the state I sell in have a sales tax law?
Not all states have sales tax laws. Alaska, Delaware, Montana, New Hampshire, and Oregon do not have sales tax. However, Alaska does have local sales tax laws that might impact you.
Hawaii also does not have a sales tax. Instead, the state has a general excise tax (GET) that businesses pay. Businesses typically pass on the GET to their customers like sales tax, though.
新墨西哥州有总收入税（GRT）而不是营业税。总收入税是对企业主征收的。但是，大多数企业将此传递给客户。
| Want to know about your state’s sales tax law? Check out our article, “Your Ultimate Guide to Sales Tax Laws by State,” for the scoop. |
B. Do I have sales tax nexus in another state?
Sales tax nexusis, in a word, confusing. But, understanding how sales tax nexus works is key to figuring out your responsibilities. If your business has sales tax nexus, or presence, in a location, you must collect sales tax. State nexus laws vary, but factors such as having a warehouse or employees working in a state could result in you having nexus there.
Also keep in mind that online sales haveeconomic nexus. If you earn above a sales threshold in a state you sell to, you may have economic nexus. Economic nexus requires you to collect sales tax in the state.
C. Does the state law apply sales tax to the products or services I sell?
Not all products and services are subject to sales tax laws. Your state may have a list of products and services that you do not collect sales tax on. For example, prescription drugs are sales tax exempt in most states.
D. Am I selling goods for resale?
Businesses that purchase goods for resale might not need to pay sales tax at the point of sale. If you sell to someone who has aresale certificate，您无需从他们那里收取营业税。
2. Apply for a sales tax permit with the appropriate state(s)
Before you can start making sales, you need to apply for a sales tax permit. This license indicates that your business can legally collect sales tax in the state.
Generally, you can apply for a sales tax permit online or through the mail. However, some states have moved completely online and require you to apply electronically.
Once you receive your license, keep your seller permit number in a secure location. You need it to remit and report sales tax to the state.
要申请营业税许可证，您必须：
- Gather business information (e.g., EIN)
- Go to your state’s website
- Register electronically or mail in a paper form
- Pay a fee, if applicable
| Have more questions about applying for a sales tax permit? Check out our article, “License to Sell: Your Guide to Applying for a Sales Tax Permit,” to learn how to apply by state. |
3.确定使用的营业税率
There is not a standard sales tax rate that all states and counties use. Each tax agency sets its own rate, which is a percentage of a taxable product or service.
As the sales tax collector, you need to know how much the sales tax rate is in the state and/or county you’re collecting for.
To do this, head over to your state website and look into:
- State sales tax rates
- County sales tax rates
Again, pay attention to the goods and/or services that are exempt from sales tax while you’re on your state’s sales tax web pages.
4.销售点向客户收取税款
Once you know the tax rate(s) you need to collect, you can calculate sales tax on taxable items at the point of sale.
To determine how much sales tax to collect, multiply the price of the taxable items by the sales tax rate. Remember to exclude tax-exempt items and services, including resale products, from your calculation.
Include the sales tax amount on the customer’s receipt or invoice on a separate line. That way, they know where the extra charge is coming from.
Reminder!不要从客户那里收取免税商品的销售税sales tax holiday.
5.在您的会计书中记录收集的营业税
After collecting sales tax from customers, set it aside until the time comes to remit it to the state.Sales tax accounting可以帮助您保持收集并直接汇出营业税记录。
In sales tax accounting, you create journal entries when you collect sales tax from customers. The journal entry should show how much total money you received from the customer. Also break down how much of that incoming money is for the sale and how much is for sales tax.
Collected sales tax that you haven’t yet remitted is known as “Sales Tax Payable” because it’s money you owe to the state. Your journal entry would look something like this:
| 日期 | Account | Notes | Debit | 信用 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| XX/XX/XXXX | Cash | Collected sales tax | X | |
| Sales Revenue | X | |||
| 应付营业税 | X |
When you remit it to the state, create a journal entry to reverse the initial record and decrease your Sales Tax Payable account.
如果没有准确和详细的记录，您可能会失去对国家欠多少钱的追踪，这可能导致付款或支付不足。
6. Report and remit sales tax to the appropriate states
Now we’re onto the promised part: how to pay sales tax for small business.Finally!
When it comes to reporting and remitting sales tax, there are a number of variables by state, such as:
- Due dates (e.g., monthly, quarterly, semi-annually, annually)
- Payment methods (e.g., ACH debit, credit card)
- Filing methods (e.g., electronically, over the phone, via mail)
- Sales tax report (you can get this from your state department of revenue)
在许多情况下，您的一次报告和缴纳营业税的频率取决于您从事业务多长时间以及收取的营业税。而且，您收取的营业税金额可能决定您的提交和付款方式（例如，电子方式）。
You may need to file a return even if you didn’t collect any sales tax during a period. Consult your state for more information.
Failing to file your report and remit your payment on time could result in penalties that range from1% – 30%of the owed tax.
使用下面的图表链接到你的国家’s sales tax page and find out when the return and payment frequency is.
| State | Return & Payment Frequency |
|---|---|
| Alabama | Monthly |
| Alaska | N/A |
| Arizona | Monthly, quarterly, seasonal, or annually; based on tax liability |
| Arkansas | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| California | Quarterly, monthly, fiscal yearly, or yearly |
| Colorado | Monthly, quarterly, or annually; based on tax liability |
| Connecticut | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| D.C. | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Delaware | N/A |
| Florida | Monthly |
| Georgia | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Hawaii | Monthly, quarterly, semi-annually, or annually |
| Idaho | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Illinois | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| 印第安纳州 | Monthly or annually |
| Iowa | Monthly or semi-monthly |
| Kansas | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Kentucky | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Louisiana | Monthly or quarterly |
| Maine | 每月/季节性，每季度，半年或每年 |
| Maryland | Quarterly |
| Massachusetts | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Michigan | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Minnesota | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Mississippi | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Missouri | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Montana | N/A |
| Nebraska | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Nevada | Monthly or quarterly |
| 新罕布什尔 | N/A |
| New Jersey | Monthly or quarterly |
| New Mexico | Monthly, quarterly, or semi-annually |
| New York | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| North Carolina | Monthly or quarterly |
| North Dakota | Monthly, quarterly, semi-annually, or annually |
| Ohio | Monthly, quarterly, or semi-annually |
| Oklahoma | Monthly or semi-annually |
| Oregon | N/A |
| Pennsylvania | 1st year of business: Quarterly After 1st year of business: Semi-monthly, monthly, quarterly, or semi-annually |
| 罗德岛 | Monthly or quarterly; all filers must also file an annual sales tax reconciliation |
| South Carolina | 每月;季度和每年批准 |
| South Dakota | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Tennessee | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Texas | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Utah | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Vermont | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Virginia | Monthly or quarterly |
| Washington | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| West Virginia | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Wisconsin | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
| Wyoming | Monthly, quarterly, or annually |
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This is not intended as legal advice; for more information, please点击这里。