担心贵公司正在下降吗？如果您正在努力与大量的商业债务努力，可能是时候考虑您的小型企业破产选项。
破产足够压倒，没有理解法律灵遍的混乱。请继续阅读，清楚地概述业务破产以及那里的破产类型。
What is small business bankruptcy?
Bankruptcy is a legal process available if you are unable to repay your debts. Through business bankruptcy, eligible companies’ debts are eliminated or put on a repayment plan. Creditors receive a portion of debt repayment through the debtor’s (aka the person filing bankruptcy for a small business) available assets.
Both individuals and businesses can file for bankruptcy. In 2020, there were22,482个业务破产和659,881个非营商破产共计682,363。
破产有可能在提交时擦除您列出的所有债务。但是，并非所有债务都有资格通过破产而被宽恕。债务成功申请破产后，您仍可能欠欠款，包括税收索赔。
提交业务破产的原因
如果您的业务失败，破产可能是您的最佳选择。您可能会申请破产：
- Quickly close your company:您不必处理您业务的每个方面，如卖存货, getting rid of equipment, and collecting unpaid invoices
- Keep your business afloat:如果您想继续运营，申请破产可以让您在生意，同时减少债务
So, what causes bankruptcy in business? You may be left with small business bankruptcy as a result of:
- Poor market conditions
- 缺乏融资
- Hasty decision-making
- 现金流量问题
- Lawsuits
How does the bankruptcy filing process work?
联邦法院处理破产。要掌握破产，你必须用当地提交请愿书federalbankruptcy court. The petition asks for information like your name and address, debt amounts, number of creditors, and asset value.
Once you send the petition, you receive an automatic stay. That means your creditors must stop trying to collect money from you.
您还必须在开始破产过程时提交破产时间表。该时间表列出了您的资产和负债，收入和开支以及合同和租赁。
申请文件的破产类型和您的business structure影响备案后发生的事情。在某些情况下，您的企业债务被驳回。但取决于您运营的破产和结构的类型，您的个人资产可能面临风险。
商业破产类型
有三个主要的破产归档选项可供企业提供：第7章，第11章和第13章。第7章使用清算，而第11章和13使用重组。
So, what is liquidation? What is reorganization?
- 清算:在清算期间，业务关闭，其资产分为债权人。
- Reorganization:重组涉及重新资产和负债，以延长公司的生命。新安排支付债权人，业务继续运作。
The type of bankruptcy you choose depends on whether you want to liquidate or reorganize your business and what entity you have.
Chapter 7 for business owners
第7章破产uses liquidation to handle a failing business. If you file Chapter 7, you must close the business and give up your assets. The assets you forfeit depend on your business structure.
个人和企业可以提交第7章，包括以下类型的业务结构：
- Sole proprietorships
- Partnerships
- Corporations
- 有限责任公司（LLCS）
Although all business entities can file, sole proprietors receive a different outcome than other structures.
If you’re a sole proprietor declaring bankruptcy, consider filing under Chapter 7. This type of bankruptcy is cheaper and easier than others for sole proprietorships.
Chapter 7 for sole proprietors
With Chapter 7, unsecured debts get wiped out. You do not need to pay your qualifying debts. This can wipe out debts such as credit card debts, loans, back rent, utility bills, and lawsuit judgments.
第7章减轻了大多数商业和个人债务，但有一个缺点。由于唯一的所有权不是单独的法律实体，因此您对所有商业资产都负责。因此，您的个人资产面临风险。
虽然一些资产豁免，但可以扣押和销售您的设备，车辆和抵押贷款等物品以支付债务。
Chapter 7 for partnerships, corporations, and LLCs
Although you can file Chapter 7 bankruptcy for your business if it’s not structured as a sole proprietorship, it works a little differently.
And for many non-sole proprietorship businesses, this difference is a turnoff.
Unlike sole proprietorships, partnerships, LLCs, and corporations cannot wipe out business debts with Chapter 7. However, it transfers the burden of selling off assets and paying creditors to the bankruptcy trustee, not the owners.
小企业第11章
第11章破产使用重组来管理失败的业务。第11章，您继续根据破产条款运行您的业务。
Individuals and businesses can file Chapter 11, including the following types of business structures:
- Sole proprietorships
- Partnerships
- Corporations
- 有限责任公司（LLCS）
The process reorganizes your debts so you can make smaller payments to creditors. However, you need to have enough incoming cash each month to make the new payments.
Chapter 13 bankruptcy for business
Chapter 13 is a reorganizing option only available for individuals—including sole proprietors. If your business is structured as a partnership, corporation, or LLC, you cannot file bankruptcy under Chapter 13.
第13章类似地与第11章类似。您在支付债权人的同时继续运行业务。而且，您不必放弃您的业务资产。
然而,申请在第一章3 only wipes out your personal liability for business debts—not the business debt itself.
如何选择最佳的业务破产选项
小企业破产应该是失败业务的最后一个选择之一。在申请破产之前，您可以考虑其他选择，例如改善现金流管理，获取新融资或销售贵公司。
如果您的业务正在下降，则破产可以保护您免除您所做的一切。但是，这是档案的正确破产？
看看我们的图表比较三大业务破产选项：
| Chapter 7 | Chapter 11 | Chapter 13 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 目的 | To liquidate the business | To reorganize and stay in business | To reorganize and stay in business |
| Business Structures | Sole proprietorship, partnership, LLC, corporation | Sole proprietorship, partnership, LLC, corporation | Sole proprietorship |
| Number of Cases (2020) | 436,919 | 7,568 | 237,099 |
Speak with asmall business lawyer谁专注于申请前的商业破产。
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This article has been updated from its original publication date of December 15, 2016.
This is not intended as legal advice; for more information, please点击这里。