Financial reports and accounting information may seem time-consuming or confusing. But, that data is an essential part of running a business—especially when you need to make big decisions. Do you need to take out a loan? Can you afford to give raises to your employees? What about buying new equipment? All of these questions can be answered by looking at your financial reports. So, how does accounting information help in decision making?
Accounting information and decision making
会计信息与决策之间的关系是一条双向街道。如果没有所有必要的会计信息，您（或其他人）将无法做出决定。但是，为什么明智的决定如此重要？因为您需要在花费或申请贷款之前知道有多少。
Simply put, lenders, investors and stakeholders, and your accountant need to know what the information says before they can determine anything related to your business. Let’s take a look at some examples.
Lenders
Whether your business is just starting or you have decades under your belt, you may need to consider a business loan. How do you know if you should be looking into a loan? By taking a look at your accounting information, of course. But, how does a lender determine if they should give you abusiness loan? The lender needs your accounting information, too.
当金融机构（例如银行）希望看到您的业务信誉时，他们需要了解您的财务信息。您的财务数据使债权人可以决定您有资格获得贷款的资格。或者，贷方可以决定您这样做不是根据您提供的信息资格获得贷款。
如果您不寻求贷款，但需要申请business credit card，会计信息使债权人可以查看您是否有资格获得信用卡。
What kind of accounting information do you need to give to lenders to help their decision-making process? Business financial information includes:
- Income statements
- 现金流报表
- Business tax returns
- 资产负债表
Investors and stakeholders
If you’re a startup owner or just looking to take on investors to grow, you need to provide accounting information to any potential investors. Why? Accounting information helps investors or stakeholders make decisions about investing in your business.
投资者如何使用会计信息？而且，利益相关者如何使用帐户信息？利益相关者和潜在投资者使用财务信息来确定公司的价值。而且，他们使用数据执行信用分析。
会计信息如何帮助投资者和利益相关者的决策，归结为他们看到公司的财务状况。他们可以看到您的融资来源的位置，计算盈利能力并估计任何风险。
例如，投资者和利益相关者可能会要求查看您公司的损益表。这些订单项详细介绍了任何一次性和经常性收入交易，以显示您的收入是一致的还是零星的。如果您的会计信息显示您的收入稳定，投资者可能会决定继续投资您的业务。
Your bookkeeping may also show stakeholders that your business is a financial risk by showing potential losses over time. The role of accounting information in decision-making for investors is to inform them of potential risks and losses, as well as profits, if they provide you with capital.
会计师
Accounting information for decision making is important for accountants because they can advise you in your own decision-making. Your accountant knows how to read your financial reports to understand the bigger picture of your books.
例如，您认为您的业务需要20名员工的新计算机。您正在考虑的台式计算机每只费用$ 300。因此，您需要$ 6,000来升级办公室的计算机（$ 300 x 20 = $ 6,000）。在决定对新计算机进行投资之前，请咨询您的会计师。
Your accountant reviews your general ledger to see if you have enough assets to purchase the computers. Or, they can advise if you need to take on a责任(e.g., a business loan) to cover the costs.
企业主如何使用帐户信息？
如果您的企业不需要贷方，有投资者或利益相关者或使用会计师，您仍然需要了解会计信息如何帮助决策。您需要会计信息进行决策的一些原因包括：
- Creating预算
- 雇用员工
- Downsizing your workforce
- Purchasing equipment
Accounting information gives you hard figures and data that you can use to make well-informed decisions. When you sit down to write your budget, the financial information for decision making needs to be up-to-date and complete.
Did you see a profit or a loss last year? Did the costs of goods increase or decrease? Is there a budget line item that can be removed or replaced with another line item that may be more profitable? Your accounting information can answer these questions.
如果你的预算是健康和spe的空间nd, you may decide that you can hire another employee or purchase more equipment. Some documents you need for budgeting include:
- Accounts receivable
- 应付账款
- Beginning balances
- Balance sheet
- Profit and loss
将文件放在您面前，以使用您的会计信息进行决策。
How accounting information system is helpful in decision making
Again, you need complete, accurate financial information to make a well-informed business decision. That includes loans, credit cards, investing, budgeting, and more. But, your accounting information is only as good as your recordkeeping. That’s where an accounting information system (aka accounting software) comes in.
Pen and paper, filing cabinets, and spreadsheets are handy tools to have, but are they the最好的tools at your disposal? Short answer: No. Let’s take a look at the long answer.
使用笔和纸可能是一个漫长而艰苦的过程。您必须转到档案柜，扎根所有收据和文件，对它们进行编译，然后thenwrite everything down. The longer you’re in business, the longer this process takes. Not to mention, that’s a lot of paperwork to have to carry around when you need to produce the documents. Your filing cabinet fills up fast.
那么，电子表格呢？当您输入数据并创建小型报告或图形时，电子表格是一个不错的工具。但是，一旦您需要更复杂的报告，就该抛弃电子表格并拿出大型枪支了。
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