Whether you’re opening the doors to your business or 20 years into the swing of things, you may be considering a loan. One option is a loan through the Small Business Administration (SBA) if you have a small business. But, what is an SBA loan? And, how do you complete an SBA loan application? Let’s take a look at what it is and how to apply for an SBA loan.

What is an SBA loan?

在我们进入关于申请SBA贷款的Nitty-Gritty之前，让我们简要回顾一下SBA贷款。SBA贷款是一种贷款企业，可以收到部分保障和由SBA支持。

SBA不支付小型企业贷款。相反，SBA合作伙伴与贷款代理商提供贷款并通过合作伙伴制定严格的贷款指南。贷款伙伴包括传统贷方，社区贷方和微贷款机构。

In general, you can use SBA loans for most business purposes, and you can apply for高达500万美元。Some lenders set limits on what you can use funds for, so check with the specific lender before applying.

如何申请SBA贷款

So, you decide to move forward with applying for a business loan. If you’re a small business by SBA standards, you can apply for a loan through the SBA.

申请SBA贷款可能是一个冗长的过程。一些贷款从开始完成后几个月就花了几个月。那么，申请SBA贷款的步骤是什么？

第1步：确定您的资格

Before you can apply for a loan through the SBA, make sure you are eligible. You may still qualify for an SBA loan even if you do not qualify for loans through other lenders. The general requirements for SBA loan eligibility include:

• Having good personal credit (all majority owners)
• 作为营利的基于美国的业务
• Belonging to an eligible industry
• 在业务中至少两年
• Not having defaults or delinquencies on government loans
• 作为一个小企业通过SBA标准

Owners must also have a reasonable amount of equity in the business. And, owners must provide proof that they have tried and failed to get funding from other lenders. How do you know if your business is a小本生意by SBA standards? Well, it can vary by industry. However, the SBA generally classifies a small business as one that is:

• Between or below 50 and 1,500 employees
• 在每年或低于100万美元和4150万美元之间的年度收据

To be considered a small business by the SBA, your business must also:

• 成为任何业务结构的营利性（例如，S CORP或LLC）
• 拥有独立的所有权和运营（没有母公司）
• Be physically located and operate in the USA or its territories
• Not be nationally dominant in the industry (i.e., owning the majority of the market share)

一些SBA计划有资格或放弃某些要求的额外要求。例如，SBA启动贷款计划不需要两年的业务或信用评分。

第2步：找到一个程序

Once you know that you are eligible for an SBA loan, consider why you need the loan. Is it to purchase real estate? Does your business operate in an area impacted by a natural disaster (e.g., hurricane)? Do you need a loan due to COVID-19? All of these reasons have different SBA loan options.

Some of the most common SBA loans include:

• SBA 7（a）：Covers a variety of loans. In general, these are term loans up to $5 million that any qualified business owner can use for almost any legitimate purpose.
• SBA CAPLines:Falls under the SBA 7(a) program but is the standard use line of credit. CAPLine loans have a cap of $5 million.
• SBA 504:可以帮助业务扩展并购买固定资产，如设备或房地产。SBA要求支付10％ - 20％。申请人通过认证的开发公司而不是贷方。
• Export programs:Loans for small export businesses that have trouble getting business loans. There are three programs: SBA Export Express, Export Working Capital, and International trade.
• 退伍军人优势保证贷款：帮助退伍军人获得他们需要开始，成长或成功的资金。企业必须是资格的退伍军人资格。一种veteran-owned businesscan apply for up to $5 million in loan assistance.
• Economic Injury Disaster Loans (EIDL):Specific to disasters (e.g., hurricane, coronavirus, etc.). An EIDL loan helps businesses that were damaged or face financial difficulties due to disaster. An SBA disaster loan is available in amounts up to $2 million and has a low interest rate. Use theSBA网站找到SBA灾难贷款申请。
• 薪水保护计划（PPP）：这PPP loan helps small businesses, independent contractors, sole proprietors, nonprofit organizations, etc. impacted by COVID-19 by providing forgivable loans for payroll and qualifying non-payroll costs.

Carefully consider why you need the business loan when picking a loan program.

Step 3: Pick a lender

Because the SBA does not offer loans directly, you need tofind a lender。这SBA provides guidelines, but lenders can determine credit score requirements and loan eligibility.

在寻找申请SBA贷款的地方时，您可以联系金融机构或使用SBA 100 most active lenders list。When choosing your lender, consider the following:

• 这SBA programs the lender offers (e.g., PPP)
• 你需要借多少钱
• 该计划的资格
• Interest rates for the loan you’re applying for
• 贷款所需的任何付款
• If you need collateral and what kind, if applicable
• 申请过程需要多长时间

Check to see if the lender is an SBA preferred lender. Why? SBA preferred lenders have a history of providing loans to small businesses and understand the application process.

Step 4: Gather information

一种pplying for an SBA loan means you need to gather some information for your lender. In general, you will need:

• 个人的and商业financial statements
• Ownership and/or affiliate documentation
• 营业执照和许可证
• 贷款申请历史记录
• 个人的and商业federal income tax returns
• Business overview and history
• Business lease information (e.g., a copy of your current lease agreement)

贷款人可能需要更多信息，具体取决于您申请的贷款类型。如果您正在购买现有业务，您通常需要为SBA贷款提供额外的文件。

Step 5: Fill out the application

SBA贷款申请基于程序不同d lender. However, the SBA has general information it requires for applications. Most of the information may already be in your商业plan， 包含：

• Executive summary
• 联系信息
• 在职员工人数
• 基本商业细节
• 所有权崩溃
• 政府发出的任何其他债务，包括其他SBA贷款
• Financial information

You also need to provide:

• Details of how you plan on using the loan
• 您如何计划偿还贷款

Different applications may require additional information. Speak with your loan officer about what details they need from you before submitting your application.

第6步：填写表格

您是否收集了所有文件并填写您的申请？伟大的！在完成之前最后一步，并准备将所有内容提交给贷款人。在许多情况下，SBA需要一些额外的表格。

借款人信息形式

这SBA表格1919.是SBA 7（A）申请的借款人信息形式。借款人信息表格为业务和业主，业务关联公司或投资者提供了SBA和贷款人的基本信息。SBA表格1919确定贷款的资格，并让贷方知道如果业务需要提供额外的表格。

Fee disclosure form

SBA Form 159is the fee disclosure form borrowers complete if they receive help from an agent. If you apply for a 7(a) loan, 504 loan, or SBA disaster loan assistance, the SBA requires you to submit this form. The form protects applicants from paying unnecessary fees or overpaying for services.

个人的financial statement

Every applicant applying for a 7(a) or 504 loan must complete a personal financial statement,SBA表格413.。这SBA includes all business owners and co-signers as applicants. The personal financial statement includes the following:

• 继承的财产
• Debts
• Life insurance policies
• Real estate

这SBA and lender require you to list all assets and liabilities for each owner or co-signer on SBA Form 413.

第7步：将申请提交给贷方

完成应用程序和任何必要表单后，将其所有其他必需的文档提交给贷方。您的贷款人可能需要几周或几个月的时间来审查和授权您的业务贷款。

Check in with your lender throughout the process to be aware of any changes to your SBA loan application status. And, send any additional information your lender requests as soon as possible to keep the process moving smoothly.

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