As a business owner, you may know the definition of销售商品的费用(COGS). But do you know how to record a cost of goods sold journal entry in your books? Get the 411 on how to record a COGS journal entry in your books (including a few how-to examples!).

What is COGS accounting?

As a brief refresher, your COGS is how much it costs to produce your goods or services. COGS is your beginning inventory plus purchases during the period, minus your ending inventory.

Simply put, COGS accounting is recording journal entries for cost of goods sold in your books.

When is cost of goods sold recorded? You only record COGS at the end of an accounting period to show inventory sold. It’s important to know how to record COGS in your books to accurately calculate profits. That’s where COGS accounting comes into play.

If you don’t account for your cost of goods sold, your books andfinancial statementswill be inaccurate.

Calculating COGS

Before you can jump into learning about recording cost of goods sold journal entry, you need to know how to calculate COGS. Follow the formula below to calculate your COGS:

COGS =在期间终止库存期间开始库存+购物

计算齿轮的例子

Let’s say your business’s beginning inventory is $2,000 and you purchase $500 of supplies during the period. Your ending inventory is $200. Your COGS calculation would look like this:

COGS = $2,000 + $500 – $200

Your COGS would be $2,300.

Why is COGS important?

Yourincome statementincludes your business’s cost of goods sold. This financial statement reports your profit and losses. It also shows your business’s sales, expenses, andnet income。

Along with being on oh-so important financial documents, you can subtract COGS from your business’s revenue to get your毛利。毛利润向您展示您在COGS上花了多少钱。了解您的业务的COGS帮助您确定您的公司底线并计算净利润。

How to record cost of goods sold journal entry

按照以下步骤记录COG作为日记帐分录：

1. Gather information

Gather information from your books before recording your COGS journal entries. Collect information ahead of time, such as your beginning inventory balance, purchased inventory costs, overhead costs (e.g., delivery fees), and ending inventory count.

2. Calculate COGS

Calculate COGS using the formula:

COGS =在期间终止库存期间开始库存+购物

3. Create a journal entry

准备信息后，生成齿轮日记帐分录。请务必调整库存账户余额以匹配结束库存总数。

You may be wondering,销货成本是debit or credit? When adding a COGS journal entry, debit your COGS Expense account and credit your Purchases and Inventory accounts. Inventory is the difference between your COGS Expense and Purchases accounts.

Your COGS Expense account is increased by debits and decreased by credits.

When you purchase materials, credit your Purchases account to record the amount spent, debit your COGS Expense account to show an increase, and credit your Inventory account to increase it.

这是购买所购买材料的COGS的日记帐分录应该如下所示：

日期	账户	笔记	Debit	信用
XX/XX/XXXX	COGS Expense	Materials purchased	X
	购买			X
	Inventory			X

COGS日记帐例例

看看几个在书中记录COGS日记帐分录的示例。

Example 1

假设您在4,000美元的库存账户中有一个开始余额。您在会计期间购买了1,000美元的材料。在此期间结束时，您将计算1,500美元的结束库存。

Debit your COGS expense $3,500 ($4,000 + $1,000 – $1,500). Credit your Inventory account for $2,500 ($3,500 COGS – $1,000 purchase).

The COGS entry would look like this:

日期	账户	笔记	Debit	信用
XX/XX/XXXX	COGS Expense	Materials purchased	3,500
	购买			1,000
	Inventory			2,500

Example 2

Say your company makes computers and it costs you $200 to make each one. During the period, you sold 100 computers. Your COGS is $20,000 ($200 X 100). Here’s what it would look like as a journal entry:

日期	账户	Debit	信用
XX/XX/XXXX	COGS	20,000
	Inventory		20,000

Debit your COGS account and credit your Inventory account to show your cost of goods sold for the period.

本文已从2018年11月29日的原始出版日期更新。

This is not intended as legal advice; for more information, please点击这里。