When you’re in business, you’re bound to deal with credit and loans. So, are you extending credit to customers, requesting credit, borrowing a loan from lenders, or doing all of the above? If so, you need to know about the Consumer Credit Protection Act.
What is the Consumer Credit Protection Act?
消费者信贷保护法（CCPA）是1968年成立的联邦法律，以保护消费者在处理贷方时。CCPA有许多规定在CCPA下制定，包括贷款法的真相（TITE I），联邦工资作品法（TITE III），公平信用报告法案(Title VI), Equal Credit Opportunity Act (Title VII), and the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (VIII).
Title Iof the Consumer Credit Protection Act, the Truth in Lending Act (TILA), requires that lenders and creditors disclose pertinent information to borrowers, like interest rates and total costs.
Title IIICCPA保护其工资受到装饰的员工。根据该法案，雇主不能解雇员工进行一次装饰。并且，标题III限制了可能受到装饰的金额。
标题VI., Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), protects consumer credit information by keeping it private. Under this act, a party cannot access credit files for individuals unless they get permission first.
第七条, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA), prohibits credit discrimination due to race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, or age. It also prohibits discrimination against individuals receiving public assistance.
第七条I，消费者信贷保护法案的公平债务收集实践法案（FDCPA）旨在保护消费者免受滥用或欺骗性的债务收集实践。虽然这项法案包括信用卡和家庭债务等债务，但它does not cover business debts.
消费者信贷保护法和您的业务
Now that you have a little background on what the Consumer Credit Protection Act of 1968 is, you might be wondering what it has to do with your business. Fair enough.
无论您是贷方还是借款人，您需要了解CCPA下的消费者保护。这样，您可以合法地（例如，向客户延伸信用），并明智地借用（例如，获得小型商业贷款）。
CCPA可能以多种方式影响您的业务，包括：
- 为客户提供信誉
- 借款（信贷或贷款）
- 招聘员工
- Garnishing employee wages
提供信用
Do you extend credit to your customers? If so, you have to do a bit more than use accrual accounting. You also need to understand and follow the Truth in Lending Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act.
The TILA requires creditors and lenders to be clear and upfront when telling borrowers about borrowing. If you extend credit to customers, you must tell them about the total amount, annual percentage rate (APR), penalties and fees, payment schedule, and total repayment amount. Include this information in yourcredit policy for small business, and make sure customers sign it.
You must also follow the Fair Credit Reporting Act when running a credit check on a customer who is applying for credit. The FCRA governs what type of information a creditor can collect about a borrower. And, the FCRA may require permission before conducting a credit check.
同样，平等的信用机会法案防止贷方在延长信贷时使用歧视实践。EEOA要求贷款人使用以下确定信誉：
- Income
- Expenses
- 债务
- 信用历史
借款（信贷或贷款）
您是否在考虑申请业务贷款？新的信用卡或信用卡如何？
如果您是，您需要知道您应该收到的消费者信用保护。借款人必须遵循Tila，FCRA和EEOA。
When you apply for a loan from a bank or other type of lender or creditor, you are entitled to detailed information about the loan or credit. Under the Truth in Lending Act, the lender or creditor must tell you the:
- 总金额
- 4月
- Fees and penalties
- Repayment plan
- 还款金额
收到您申请的有关贷款或信用的信息后，您可以在签署之前进行明智的决定。
The Fair Credit Reporting Act entitles consumers to one free credit report every 12 months from Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion. Before applying for a new business loan or line of credit, you may want to check your credit report. Plus, when you apply for a loan or credit, you may need to give written permission to the lender to conduct a credit check under the FCRA.
Under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, lenders cannot discriminate against you when you apply for a business loan or line of credit. Instead, they must look solely at appropriate credit-determining factors, such as credit history.
EEOA防止债权人或贷方根据歧视性做法妨碍您申请或强加不公平的条款和条件。
招聘员工
当您雇用员工时，部分尽职调查的部分包括进行背景检查。在大多数情况下，信用检查是背景检查的一部分。
但在进行信用检查之前，必须遵守FCRA。在您尝试获取有关学分的信息之前，获得潜在的员工的许可。
Garnishing employee wages
Wage garnishment指按照法院命令或其他法律程序扣留雇员工资的雇主扣缴债务。由于单一债务，雇主无法排放员工。
However, Title III of the CCPA does not prevent employers from discharging workers if their wages are subject to garnishment for two or more debts.
The act also sets a limit on the amount of money that can be garnished from a worker’s earnings per payday. Unless the garnishment is for child support or alimony, the employee’s garnishment cannot be more than either:
- 25%的disposable earnings
- 他们的一次性收入大于30倍的金额federal minimum wage
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本文已从2012年6月1日的原始出版日期更新。
This is not intended as legal advice; for more information, please点击这里。